The Translation Machinery (TM) is a key organic synthesis and information processing network of biochemical reactions that connect nucleic acid polymers and amino acid polymers. Translation is a foundational attribute of all living cells; the origin of the translation machinery arguably represents the crossing of a fundamental (and possibly definitional) threshold in the origin of life. However, our understanding of the origin and evolution of translation is the result of a profound observational bias centered on the conservation of the ribosomal system, rather than the broader network of essential components that enable translation to occur. Stepping back further to the abiotic side of the abiotic-biotic transition, we currently do not have an evolutionary scenario that would provide insights into the emergence of a dynamic network of abiotic interactions between nucleotides and polypeptides. This proposal aims to break through this historical deadlock by developing, manipulating and analyzing experimental systems to understand the origin and evolution of the translation machinery network.
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